The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most widespread sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Although many people who carry the virus can look and feel completely healthy, there is a risk associated with HPV types that can cause cancer (such as in the cervix, mouth, or anus) or genital warts. To prevent this threat, one option is to receive the HPV vaccine.
In this month of March in which the International Human Papilloma Virus Awareness Day, Clínica del Carmen join the campaign #HPVisabouteveryone of MSD, with the aim of creating awareness among the population about the potential risk of contracting this sexually transmitted disease in both men and women, and the importance of applying the necessary preventive measures. Keep reading to obtain valuable information about this virus and how to protect yourself from it!
What is the human papillomavirus (HPV)?
In 2018, around 43 million HPV infections were recorded, making it the most common sexually transmitted infection. Most of these infections occur in people in their late teens and early 20s. There are many different types of HPV. Some types can cause health problems, such as genital warts and cancer. It is possible to prevent these health problems thanks to the available vaccines. Keep in mind that the human papillomavirus (HPV) is different from HIV and HSV (herpes).
How is HPV transmitted?
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is acquired through sexual contact with a person who is a carrier of the virus, either through vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse. It is most often transmitted during vaginal or anal intercourse, although it can also be spread by direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual intercourse. It is important to note that a person with HPV can transmit the infection to another person even if they do not have visible signs or symptoms.
If you are sexually active, you can get HPV, even if you have had sex with only one person. You can also develop symptoms years after having sex with someone who has the infection. The absence of visible signs and symptoms of HPV makes it difficult to determine when the infection was first acquired.
Does HPV cause health problems?
In most cases, the human papillomavirus (HPV) disappears naturally within two years without causing health problems, in about 9 out of 10 cases. However, when HPV persists, it can cause problems such as genital warts and cancer.
Genital warts appear as a small bump or a group of them in the genital area, and can be of different sizes, shapes and textures, even with the appearance of cauliflower.
At Clínica del Carmen, we have expert gynecologists who can diagnose these warts by observing the genital area.
Does HPV cause cancer?
The human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical cancer and other types of cancer, such as cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. It has also been linked to oropharyngeal cancer, which affects the base of the tongue and tonsils.
It is important to note that cancer usually develops years after HPV infection, and may be decades in some cases. It is worth mentioning that genital warts and different types of cancer are caused by different strains of HPV.
It is not possible to predict who will develop cancer or other health problems related to HPV. However, people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV, may have lower defenses against HPV and may therefore be more prone to HPV complications.
How can I avoid HPV and its consequences?
There are several things you can do to reduce your risk of contracting the human papillomavirus (HPV):
- Get vaccinated: The HPV vaccine is a safe and effective option to protect you against diseases caused by this virus, including cancer. It is advisable to administer it in the indicated age groups.
- Get screened: Cervical cancer screening tests are important for women between the ages of 21 and 65, as they can prevent this type of cancer.
- Practice safe sex: Using condoms correctly with every sexual act can reduce the risk of contracting HPV, although it is possible for this virus to infect areas not covered by condoms. Another option is to have a mutual, monogamous sexual relationship with someone who only has sex with you.
Who should get vaccinated against HPV?
Our gynecology specialists recommend vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) for:
- All preteens, including boys and girls, starting at age 11 or 12 (or even age 9).
- Anyone up to 26 years of age who has not yet been vaccinated.
HPV vaccination is not recommended for people over the age of 26, although some adults ages 27-45 who have not yet been vaccinated may decide to do so after speaking with one of our specialists. It is important to mention that vaccination in this age range provides fewer benefits, since most sexually active adults have already been exposed to HPV.
It is important to note that, at any age, having a new sexual partner increases the risk of contracting a new HPV infection. On the other hand, people who are already in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship are less likely to get a new HPV infection.
At Clínica del Carmen in Gran Canaria, our specialists provide careful treatment. We have 3 offices to serve you closer to you: Arucas, Vecindario and Las Palmas. Make your appointment today, you will be in the best hands.
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